Tobacco use continues to be a major global public health concern, with links to life-threatening conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke.
The toxic chemicals released from combustible cigarettes have been identified as a primary cause of these health risks. To address the growing tobacco consumption and its associated health dangers, public health strategies are being implemented to manage addictive behaviors and mitigate potential harms.
One such strategy is tobacco harm reduction (THR), which aims to minimize the toxicity of tobacco products and introduce less harmful alternatives to reduce health risks. These alternatives, such as oral nicotine pouches and e-cigarettes, provide a smoke-free and non-combustible option for users. By eliminating combustion and associated toxins, these products offer a potentially less harmful alternative to traditional cigarettes.
Despite efforts to reduce tobacco consumption, the World Health Organization estimates that 80% of tobacco users worldwide are found in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, Ghana, and Cameroon. In these countries, the high prevalence of tobacco use among the youthful population contributes to the increasing number of smokers. To combat this trend, tobacco harm reduction strategies are being highlighted as a viable solution.
Countries like Sweden have successfully implemented THR strategies to significantly lower tobacco smoking rates. By focusing on education, regulation, and the promotion of non-tobacco-based alternatives, these countries aim to reduce the health risks associated with smoking. Public awareness campaigns, restrictions on tobacco advertising, and the introduction of modern tobacco-free products like e-cigarettes and oral nicotine pouches are key components of these harm reduction strategies.
